Red Oak Vs White Oak: Which Stain Colors Work Best?
Many people aren't aware that the stain they select for their solid hardwood flooring will be determined by whether they have red or white oak. We get numerous queries from folks wanting particular stains that won't look good with their existing oak floors, or they request an oil-based finish without understanding the pros and cons of these elements.
To avoid disappointment and confusion, I've put together this brief guide to help you decide on the best color options. Remember, the same principles apply whether you are getting your floors refinished or installing and finishing new ones.
While both oak types share some similarities, their distinct characteristics can significantly impact your flooring's final appearance, especially when it comes to staining and finishing.
So, let's examine the key differences, which will help you make an informed decision and achieve the best aesthetic for your space.
Understanding the Differences Between Red Oak and White Oak
1. Grain Pattern and Appearance
- Red Oak: Known for its prominent grain pattern, red oak has a more open grain structure, making it more porous and receptive to stain. It naturally carries warm, reddish-pink undertones that can impact the final stain color.
- White Oak: White oak features a tighter, more linear grain pattern and has naturally cooler undertones, ranging from beige to light brown. It also has a higher tannin content, making it more resistant to moisture and rot.
2. Hardness and Durability
- White Oak: Slightly harder than red oak, white oak has a Janka hardness rating of 1360, compared to red oak’s 1290. This makes white oak a little more resistant to dents and scratches.
- Red Oak: While slightly softer, red oak is still durable and stands up well in high-traffic areas.
Staining Considerations: What Works And What Doesn’t
How Different Stains React with Red and White Oak
Because of their distinct undertones, red and white oak react differently to stains. Choosing the wrong stain can lead to unexpected color shifts, so knowing which stains work best for each wood type is essential.
Best Stain Colors for Red Oak
Red oak’s natural pinkish-red hue can affect the final stain color, so it's key to select stains that neutralize or complement these tones.
- Recommended Stains:
- Medium to dark brown stains (e.g., Provincial, Dark Walnut, Jacobean) help to mask the red undertones.
- Weathered grays and muted browns can tone down the red hues.
- Classic warm tones like Golden Oak and Special Walnut enhance the natural warmth.
- Stains to Avoid:
- Light, cool-toned stains (e.g., Classic Gray, Whitewash, Natural) may accentuate the pink undertones instead of neutralizing them.
Best Stain Colors for White Oak
White oak’s neutral and cooler undertones make it a versatile wood for staining.
- Recommended Stains:
- Light and natural stains (e.g., White Wash, Driftwood) work well on white oak because it lacks red undertones.
- Medium browns and grays complement its natural tones beautifully.
- Dark stains like Ebony or Jacobean create a dramatic, sophisticated look.
- Stains to Avoid:
- Any stain with a reddish tint (e.g., Cherry, Sedona Red) can look unnatural and clash with white oak’s cooler base.
How to Remove Red Undertones from Red Oak Before Staining
If you prefer a lighter stain on red oak but want to minimize its natural red undertones, using Bona Red Out before staining can help neutralize them. Here’s how to do it:
- Prepare the Surface: Sand the floor as you usually would before staining.
- Apply Bona Red Out: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions, applying the product evenly across the wood.
- Neutralize & Dry: After the recommended dwell time, wipe off the excess and let it dry completely.
- Proceed with Staining: After reducing the red undertones, apply a lighter or neutral stain for a more even finish.
Polyurethane Considerations: Oil-Based Vs. Water-Based Finishes
The type of polyurethane you choose can significantly impact your floors' final color and longevity.
Oil-Based Polyurethane
- Pros: Provides a warm, amber-like glow that enhances wood grain and durability.
- Cons: Over time, it will cause white oak floors to yellow, altering their natural appearance.
- Best for: Those who prefer a warm, classic look.
Water-Based Polyurethane
- Pros: Dries clear without yellowing over time, preserving the true color of the stain and wood.
- Cons: Slightly more expensive and requires more coats for durability.
- Best for: Those who want to maintain a true stain color without unwanted warmth.
Final Thoughts
Choosing between red oak and white oak solid hardwood flooring depends on your aesthetic and how you plan to finish your floors. Red oak offers warmth and a more pronounced grain, while white oak provides a cooler, more modern look. Stain selection is crucial to achieving your desired final appearance, and understanding how each wood interacts with different stains will ensure the best results.
Additionally, the correct finishing method—whether using Bona Red Out to neutralize red tones or opting for a water-based polyurethane—can make all the difference in achieving a flawless, long-lasting hardwood floor.
By considering these key differences and best practices, you can make an informed choice that enhances the beauty and longevity of your hardwood flooring.
Contact us today if you need expert advice on your upcoming hardwood flooring project. We'll be delighted to help.
